Outdoor Pv Performance Evaluation of Three Different Models: Single-diode, Sapm and Loss Factor Model

This study examines the accuracy and value of three different PV module performance modeling approaches by calibrating selected performance models to outdoor IV data measured on different module technologies. We compare measured and modeled IV characteristics by examining the error distributions and correlations with time varying quantities to assess the accuracy of each model for the modules tested. The equivalent circuit diode models (e.g., PVsyst, PV*SOL, CEC, etc.) are popular, but include technology-specific corrections and calibration is challenging. Empirical models such as the Sandia PV Array Performance Model (SAPM) and TEL/SRCL “Loss Factors model” (LFM) are better able to represent technology performance differences and changes over time. Several of the SAPM coefficients lack of physical meaning whereas the LFM coefficients relate directly to IV characteristics. This study explores the strengths and weaknesses of each approach to model PV module and system performance with the goal of reducing prediction uncertainty and project risk, and improving the quality and value of PV system modeling and simulations.